VENOUS DISEASES

The venous system includes the superior cava vein district, whose function is to drain the blood from the arms and head, and the inferior cava vein district, whose function is to drain the blood from the remaining areas, except for the pulmonary and portal systems, which are self-contained systems. The superior cava system is mainly affected by compressive pathologies at the level of the subclavian vein (thoracic outlet syndrome) while the inferior cava system is affected mainly by thrombosis type pathologies (deep venous thromboses). The superficial venous system of the lower limbs belongs to the inferior cava vein system and is the site for the most common disorder, varicose veins in the legs.
The venous system can also be affected by other diseases both congenital and acquired.